Usefull Information

Controlled Substance Schedule

The Controlled Substances Acts of 1970, as amended, places certain restrictions on substances that have potential for abuse. These substances have been in categories according to their potential for abuse.

Schedule 1

C I

These substances have the highest potential for abuse and no accepted medical use in the United States.

Schedule 2

C II

High potential for abuse. Use may lead to severe physical or psychological dependence. No renewals are permitted. Prescriptions must be written in ink, or typewritten and signed by the practitioner.

Schedule 3

C III

Some Potential for abuse. To low to moderate physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Prescriptions may be oral or written. Up to 5 renewals are allowed within 6 months.

Schedule 4

C IV

Low potential for abuse. Use may lead to limited dependence either physically or psychologically. Prescriptions may be oral or written. Up to 5 renewals are permitted within 6 months.

Schedule 5

C V

Subject to state and local regulation. Abuse potential is low, a prescription may not be required.

Types of Recall

Class I

Product in question may cause serious, adverse health consequences or death.

Class II

Product in question may cause temporary or medically reversible adverse health consequences or where the probability of serious adverse health consequences is remote.

Class III

Product in question is not likely to cause adverse health consequences.

FDA Use-in-Pregnancy Rating

Category Interpretation

A Controlled studies show no risk. Does not show evidence of damage to the fetus.

B No evidence of risk to humans.

C Risk cannot be ruled out.

D Positive evidence of risk

X Contraindicated in pregnancy. Absolutely no reason to risk using during pregnancy.

Code and Therapeutic Definitions

"A" Codes

DRUG PRODUCTS THAT ARE CONSIDERED TO BE THERAPUETICALLY EQUIVALENT TO OTHER PHARMACEUTICALLY EQUIVALENT PRODUCTS.

FDA Codes

AA Products not presenting bioequivalence problems in conventional dosage forms.

AB Products meeting necessary bioequivalence requirements.

AP Injectable aqueous solutions

AT Topical products that are considered therapeutically equivalent to other pharmaceutically equivalent products.

AO Injectable oil solutions that are considered therapeutically equivalent to other pharmaceutically equivalent products.

"B" Codes

DRUG PRODUCTS THAT THE FDA DOES NOT AT THIS TIME CONSIDER TO BE THERAPEUTICALLY EQUIVALENT TO OTHER PHARMACEUTICALLY EQUIVALENT PRODUCTS.

FDA Codes

BC  Controlled-release tablets, controlled capsules, and controlled-injectables (controlled-release products for which such bioequivalence data are available have been coded AB).

BD Active ingredients and dosage forms with documented bioequivalence problems.

BE Enteric-coated oral dosage forms(enteric-coated oral dosage forms for which bioequivalence data are available are coded AB).

BP Active ingredients and dosage forms with POTENTIAL bioequivalence problems.

BR Suppositories or enemas for systemic use.

BS Products having standard deficiencies(if the drug standards for an active ingredient in a particular dosage form are found by the FDA to be deficient so as to prevent an FDA evaluation of either pharmaceutical or therapeutical equivalence, all drug products containing that active ingredient in tha dosage form are coded BS. For example, if the standards permit a wide variation in pharmacologically active components of the active ingredient such that pharmaceutical equivalence is in question, all products containing that active ingredient in that dosage form are coded BS).

BT Topical products.

BX Insufficient data-These products are presumed to be therapeutically inequivalent until adequate information becomes available for full evaluation of therapeutic equivalence.

Selected Medical Abbreviations

aa	of each	I.V.	intravenous
a.c.	before meals	k	kilogram
a.d.	right ear	L	liter, left, put left
ad lib.	as desired	lb.	pound
a.l.	left ear	mcg.	microgram
AM	morning	mEq.	milliequivalent
amt	amount	mg.	milligram
aq.	water, aqueous	ml.	milliliter
a.u.	each year	mm.	millimeter
b.i.d.	twice a day	No.	number
B.P.	blood pressure	Noct.	night
cap	capsule	NR	no refill
cath	catheter	o.d	right eye
C.B.C.	complete blood count	o.s	left eye
cc.	cubic centimeter	o.u.	each eye
chol	cholesterol	oz.	ounce
cm	centimeter	P	pulse, print
c/o	complain of	PM	afternoon, evening
comp	compounded of	P.O.	by mouth
CV	cardiovascular	p.r.n.	as needed
dil	dilute	pt	patient, pint
disch	discharge	pulv.	powder
disp	dispensary	q4h	every 4 hours
dr	dram	q.d.	every day
Dx	diagnosis	q.h.	every hour
E.E.N.T	eye, ear, nose & throat	q.i.d	four times a day
etc.	and so on	q.o.d.	every other day
exp	expired	qt.	quart
ext	extract, external	RX	a prescription
fl dr.	fluidram	sol.	solutions
fl oz.	fluid ounce	solv.	dissolve
ft.	let there be made	s.o.s.	if necessary or required
F.U.O.	fever of unknown origin	stat	immediately
gm.	gram	syr.	syrup
gr.	grain	tab	tablet
gtt.	a drop or drops	tbsp.	tablespoonful
hr.	hour	t.i.d.	three times a day
h.s.	at bedtime	TPN.	total parental nutrition
hypo	hypodermic syringe or injection	tsp.	teaspoonful
H2O	water	ung.	ointment
inj	injection	vol.	volume
		wt.	weight

Conversion Tables

Metric Doses with Approximate Apothecary Equivalents

LIQUID MEASURE

Metric	Approximate Apothecary Equivalents	Metric	Approximate Appothecary Equivalents
1000 ml	1 quart	3 ml	45 minims
750 ml	1-1/2 pints	3 ml	30 minims
500 ml	1 pint	1 ml	15 minims
250 ml	8 fluid ounces	.75 ml	12 minims
200 ml	7 fluid ounes	.6 ml	10 minims
100 ml	3-1/2 fluid ounces	.5 ml	8 minims
50 ml	1-3/4 fluid ounces	.3 ml	5 minims
30 ml	1 fluid ounce	.25 ml	4 minims
15 ml	4 fluid drams	.2 ml	3 minims
10 ml	2-1/2 fluid drams	.1 ml	1-1/2 minims
8 ml	2 fluid drams	.06 ml	1 minims
5 ml	1-1/4 fluid drams	.05 ml	3/4 minims
4 ml	1 fluid dram	.03 ml	1/2 minims

WEIGHT

Metric	Approximate Apothecary Equivalents	Metric	Approximate Appothecary Equivalents
30 g	1 ounce	20 mg	1/2 grain
15 g	4 drams	25 mg	3/8 grain
10 g	2-1/2 drams	20 mg	1/3 grain
7.5 g	2 drams	15 mg	1/4 grain
6 g	90 grains	12 mg	1/5 grain
5 g	75 grains	10 mg	1/6 grain
4 g	60 grains (1 dram)	8 mg	1/8 grain
3 g	45 grains	6 mg	1/10 grain
2 g	30 grains (1/2 dram)	5 mg	1/12 grain
1.5 mg	22 grains	4 mg	1/15 grain
1 g	15 grains	3 mg	1/20 grain
750 mg	12 grains	2 mg	1/30 grain
600 mg	10 grains	1.5 mg	1/40 grain
500 mg	7-1/2 grains	1.2 mg	1/50 grain
400 mg	6 grains	1 mg	1/60 grain
300 mg	5 grains	800 ug	1/80 grain
250 mg	4 grains	600 ug	1/100 grain
200 mg	3 grains	500 ug	1/120 grain
150 mg	2-1/2 grains	400 ug	1/150 grain
125 mg	2 grains	300 ug	1/200 grain
100 mg	1-1/2 grains	250 ug	1/250 grain
75 mg	1-1/4 grains	200 ug	1/300 grain
60 mg	1 grain	150 ug	1/400 grain
50 mg	3/4 grain	130 ug	1/500 grain
40 mg	2/3 grain	100 ug	1/600 grain

Conversion Factors

To convert:

Milligrams per kilogram to milligrams per pound, multiply by .45

Milligrams per kilogram to grains per pound, multiply by .007

Milligrams per pound to grains per pound, multiply by .015

Grains per pound to milligrams per pound, multiply by 65

Grains per pound to milligrams per kilogram, multiply by 143

Fahrenheit degrees into Celsius, subtract 32, multiply by 5 and divide by 9

Celsius degrees into Fahrenheit, multiply by 9, divide by 5, and add 32

Weights, Measures and Equivalents

(conversions from 1 system to another are approximate)

1 kilogram = 1,000 grams

1 gram = 1,000 milligrams

1 milligram = 1,000 micrograms

60 milligrams = 1 grain

28.35 grams = 1 ounce

1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds

454 grams = 1 pound

1 millimeter = 0.04 inches

1 centimeter = .4 inches

2.5 centimeter = 1 inch

1 meter = 39.37 inches

1 liter = 1,000 cubic centimeters

1 liter = 1,000 milliliters

30 milliliters = 1 fluid ounce

20 drops = 1 milliliter

1 teaspoon = 5 milliliters

1 tablespoon = 15 milliliters

16 ounces = 1 pint

2 pints = 1 quart

4 quarts = 1 gallon

1 pint = 473 milliliters